工傷停工留薪期能否(fou)作(zuo)為(wei)不(bu)簽(qian)勞動合同的抗辯理由(you)
(本文由勞動法鐘永棣老師原創)
【基本案情】
2012年(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)8日(ri)張(zhang)(zhang)某(mou)入職廣(guang)州A公司(si),月(yue)(yue)(yue)薪3400元。2012年(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)11日(ri)張(zhang)(zhang)某(mou)因工受傷,隨(sui)后被送往醫院住院治療,醫院診斷結論為:“L1、L3左側橫(heng)突骨(gu)折”。住院17天后,張(zhang)(zhang)某(mou)回(hui)家(jia)休(xiu)息。2012年(nian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)23日(ri)A公司(si)單方解(jie)除(chu)勞(lao)動合同。隨(sui)后,張(zhang)(zhang)某(mou)要求A公司(si)支(zhi)付(fu)未簽訂勞(lao)動合同的雙(shuang)倍(bei)工資差額(e)、工傷待(dai)遇及(ji)違法解(jie)除(chu)的賠償(chang)金。另,張(zhang)(zhang)某(mou)在職期間,A公司(si)未與張(zhang)(zhang)某(mou)簽訂勞(lao)動合同。
【法院觀點】
關于張(zhang)某主張(zhang)的未(wei)簽訂(ding)勞(lao)動(dong)合(he)同雙倍(bei)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)差額的問題。《勞(lao)動(dong)合(he)同法(fa)》第(di)八十二(er)(er)條第(di)一款:“用人(ren)單(dan)位(wei)自用工(gong)(gong)之(zhi)日(ri)(ri)起(qi)超過一個月(yue)不滿一年未(wei)與勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)訂(ding)立書面勞(lao)動(dong)合(he)同的,應(ying)(ying)當(dang)向勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)每月(yue)支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)二(er)(er)倍(bei)的工(gong)(gong)資(zi)。”由此可知,用人(ren)單(dan)位(wei)未(wei)與勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)訂(ding)立書面勞(lao)動(dong)合(he)同的,自用工(gong)(gong)之(zhi)日(ri)(ri)起(qi)第(di)二(er)(er)個月(yue)開始,應(ying)(ying)當(dang)支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)二(er)(er)倍(bei)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)。A公司確認(ren)未(wei)與被上訴人(ren)簽訂(ding)書面勞(lao)動(dong)合(he)同,故張(zhang)某請求A公司支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)2012年6月(yue)8日(ri)(ri)至2013年8月(yue)23日(ri)(ri)共2.5個月(yue)的雙倍(bei)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)差額8500元,依據充分(fen),本院予以支(zhi)持。
A公(gong)司辯稱尚未來得及簽訂勞(lao)動(dong)合同張某即受(shou)傷,但事(shi)(shi)實是張某2012年(nian)5月(yue)8日即入職,A公(gong)司最(zui)遲應在2012年(nian)6月(yue)8日前(qian)(qian)與張某訂立書面勞(lao)動(dong)合同,而張某工傷發生在2012年(nian)6月(yue)11日,顯然應訂立合同的(de)最(zui)后(hou)日期在前(qian)(qian),發生工傷事(shi)(shi)故(gu)在后(hou),A公(gong)司使用后(hou)發生的(de)事(shi)(shi)件作為先前(qian)(qian)應履先義務的(de)免責(ze)事(shi)(shi)由顯然不(bu)能成立,故(gu)對其抗辯意見,本院不(bu)予采納。
A公司不(bu)服(fu)一審(shen)判決,上訴至二(er)審(shen);最終二(er)審(shen)法院(yuan)維(wei)持原判。
【分析建議】
勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)法(fa)(fa)鐘永棣(di)老師認為,入(ru)職(zhi)(zhi)1個月內簽(qian)訂(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong),是(shi)用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位的(de)法(fa)(fa)定義務;但期間(jian)基于與用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位無關的(de)原因(yin),雙(shuang)方無法(fa)(fa)簽(qian)訂(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)的(de),用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位可免(mian)責(ze)。如,勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)入(ru)職(zhi)(zhi)20天左(zuo)右(you)患病并需連續(xu)休假(jia)(jia)3個月,期間(jian)即(ji)使(shi)沒有簽(qian)訂(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong),用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位亦無需承擔(dan)雙(shuang)倍工(gong)資責(ze)任;當然(ran),勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)休假(jia)(jia)完畢回(hui)單(dan)(dan)位上班后,用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位應及時與其簽(qian)訂(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong),否則(ze)需承擔(dan)雙(shuang)倍工(gong)資責(ze)任。本案中,勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)入(ru)職(zhi)(zhi)1個月后才(cai)受傷,用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位以(yi)此(ci)抗(kang)辯(bian)顯(xian)然(ran)不(bu)合(he)(he)(he)理、不(bu)合(he)(he)(he)法(fa)(fa);如果勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)入(ru)職(zhi)(zhi)1個月內受傷及休假(jia)(jia)的(de),用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位以(yi)此(ci)抗(kang)辯(bian)應該會得到法(fa)(fa)院的(de)認可。總而言(yan)之,用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位招用(yong)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe),應無條件在1個月內簽(qian)訂(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong);而且越早(zao)簽(qian)訂(ding),風(feng)險就越低!
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