HR工作分析
工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)分析(xi)(xi)是當前企業人力(li)(li)資源(yuan)(yuan)管理中(zhong)最基礎的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),也是人力(li)(li)資源(yuan)(yuan)管理中(zhong)的(de)一(yi)項系統性工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。但是由于我國當前的(de)企業部分HR不(bu)懂工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)分析(xi)(xi)相關技術(shu),造成(cheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)分析(xi)(xi)無法真正落地,工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)分析(xi)(xi)出來的(de)成(cheng)果(guo)與(yu)實際相脫節,最后(hou)形成(cheng)了一(yi)堆廢紙,浪費(fei)了大(da)量(liang)人力(li)(li)物力(li)(li)。同樣企業的(de)定崗、定員、定編、定責、定薪(xin)與(yu)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)分析(xi)(xi)也是密不(bu)可(ke)分。
工作(zuo)分析其實是(shi)以職(zhi)位(wei)本身(shen)為對(dui)象,對(dui)工作(zuo)、職(zhi)責、職(zhi)權、環境、激勵與約束激勵進(jin)行深入分析的一項(xiang)人力資源(yuan)管理活動。它(ta)包括工作(zuo)說明、工作(zuo)規(gui)范、工作(zuo)要素、任務、職(zhi)責、職(zhi)位(wei)、權限、職(zhi)級等相(xiang)關專業(ye)術語。
工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作分(fen)析(xi)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)在于促使工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)名(ming)稱與(yu)含義在整個組織中(zhong)表示特定而一致的(de)(de)意義,實現工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作用(yong)(yong)語(yu)的(de)(de)標準化(hua)。不要在同(tong)一公司,相互(hu)間(jian)的(de)(de)溝通語(yu)言都聽不懂。同(tong)時也是員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)錄(lu)用(yong)(yong)與(yu)上崗的(de)(de)基本條件,獲得員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有關工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作環境的(de)(de)實際情況,發現員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)不滿等,
在進行(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)分析中(zhong),相關(guan)內(nei)容應遵循6W1H原則。誰來做(zuo)(zuo),完(wan)成什(shen)么樣(yang)的工(gong)(gong)作(zuo),在什(shen)么時(shi)候完(wan)成,在哪里做(zuo)(zuo),為什(shen)么要做(zuo)(zuo),為誰做(zuo)(zuo),如(ru)何完(wan)成。工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)分析最重(zhong)要的就(jiu)是信息收集(ji)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo),主要收集(ji)的內(nei)容包括:工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)活動(dong)、工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)人(ren)的行(xing)(xing)為、工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)所使用的機器、工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)、設(she)備以及其他輔(fu)助工(gong)(gong)具、工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的績效標準、工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)環境、工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)對人(ren)的要求,與工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)相關(guan)的有形和無形的內(nei)容。
筆(bi)者建議,進行(xing)工作分析需要從企業(ye)的組(zu)織架(jia)構、業(ye)務流(liu)程(cheng)進行(xing)優化,分解出(chu)部(bu)門職(zhi)責的職(zhi)能分解表,形(xing)成相(xiang)關具體文件(jian),對企業(ye)組(zu)織架(jia)構優化、流(liu)程(cheng)診斷(duan)找出(chu)當前存在的問題。
工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)分(fen)析(xi)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)括(kuo):工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)描(miao)述和任職(zhi)資(zi)(zi)格要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)描(miao)述中(zhong)(zhong)包(bao)括(kuo)職(zhi)位標識、任務分(fen)析(xi)、職(zhi)責分(fen)析(xi)、權限分(fen)析(xi)、職(zhi)位關(guan)系分(fen)析(xi)等(deng)。任職(zhi)資(zi)(zi)格要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)包(bao)括(kuo):教(jiao)育水平、知識、經(jing)驗、技能、職(zhi)業素養、心理(li)品(pin)質等(deng)。以(yi)上內容(rong)就是工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)分(fen)析(xi)的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)內容(rong)。但是需要(yao)(yao)(yao)將(jiang)這些內容(rong)進(jin)行(xing)完善需要(yao)(yao)(yao)通(tong)過工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)分(fen)析(xi)的(de)(de)相關(guan)方法(fa)去實現。比如,工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)日志(zhi)法(fa)、問卷法(fa)、關(guan)鍵事件法(fa)、訪談法(fa)、主(zhu)(zhu)題(ti)專家會議法(fa)等(deng)方法(fa)去收(shou)集資(zi)(zi)料。在(zai)實際咨詢(xun)(xun)項目中(zhong)(zhong),我們的(de)(de)咨詢(xun)(xun)顧問都是經(jing)過精(jing)心的(de)(de)調研,撰寫(xie)訪談提綱(gang),或(huo)者通(tong)過工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)分(fen)析(xi)的(de)(de)撰寫(xie)培(pei)訓,讓(rang)每一個員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)對(dui)自己(ji)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)職(zhi)責和任職(zhi)資(zi)(zi)格進(jin)行(xing)撰寫(xie),然后(hou)交部(bu)門(men)(men)主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)或(huo)者經(jing)理(li)進(jin)行(xing)修正,然后(hou)再(zai)將(jiang)這些工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)說明書讓(rang)其他部(bu)門(men)(men)進(jin)行(xing)討論。需要(yao)(yao)(yao)不斷的(de)(de)進(jin)行(xing)深入溝通(tong),特(te)別是任職(zhi)資(zi)(zi)格要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)描(miao)述,必須結合企業所在(zai)的(de)(de)崗(gang)位要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)進(jin)行(xing)描(miao)述。
HR工(gong)作分析之工(gong)作說(shuo)明書的編(bian)寫需要注意以下原(yuan)則:
1.針(zhen)對工作本身;2.內(nei)容清晰(xi)明了(le);3.描述要具(ju)體細致,在描述過程中用詞盡(jin)量選用一些(xie)具(ju)體的(de)(de)動(dong)詞,少用形(xing)容詞。盡(jin)量使用能夠準確表(biao)達意思的(de)(de)文(wen)字。比(bi)如:針(zhen)對制(zhi)(zhi)度、方(fang)案、計劃(hua)常用的(de)(de)文(wen)字,我們建議采(cai)用:編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)、制(zhi)(zhi)定、擬定、起草、審定、審核、審查、轉交、下達、備案、存檔等。4.以符合(he)邏輯的(de)(de)順序進行(xing)編(bian)寫。5.盡(jin)量采(cai)用通俗(su)易懂的(de)(de)語言(yan);6.表(biao)明各項職責重(zhong)要性。
工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)分析是一項人力資(zi)源管(guan)理的(de)基礎(chu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo),對其他模塊(kuai)的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)起到重要作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。因此(ci)(ci),認真、細致的(de)梳(shu)理企(qi)業(ye)流(liu)程(cheng)、制(zhi)度、信息的(de)收集是工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)分析成功實(shi)施(shi)的(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)。同(tong)時也是企(qi)業(ye)未來面對員工(gong)(gong)是否符合錄用(yong)條(tiao)件(jian)、是否勝任(ren)的(de)依據。如果企(qi)業(ye)HR不熟悉此(ci)(ci)項工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo),可以去外面專業(ye)培訓機構學習或引進外部(bu)專業(ye)咨詢機構例如描慧咨詢共同(tong)推進此(ci)(ci)項工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)成功實(shi)施(shi),為健全企(qi)業(ye)人力資(zi)源管(guan)理體系打下堅實(shi)的(de)基礎(chu),真正做到用(yong)貨幣資(zi)本購買(mai)人力資(zi)本。
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