你還在(zai)為員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)雇不起、用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)風險越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)高頭疼嗎？企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)形(xing)式其實已經(jing)在(zai)悄然發生變化(hua)。關(guan)于(yu)靈活(huo)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，關(guan)于(yu)除全職(zhi)雇傭(yong)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)外的(de)(de)多(duo)種用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)形(xing)式，大多(duo)數人并不完(wan)全搞得懂。比如(ru)直(zhi)播(bo)平臺(tai)的(de)(de)主播(bo)跟平臺(tai)，他們不是(shi)(shi)平臺(tai)的(de)(de)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。餐(can)飲企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)節假日(ri)或用(yong)(yong)餐(can)高峰雇傭(yong)的(de)(de)小時工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，也(ye)不是(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)全職(zhi)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。社(she)區醫(yi)院(yuan)雇傭(yong)的(de)(de)退休醫(yi)生，也(ye)不是(shi)(shi)醫(yi)院(yuan)的(de)(de)傳(chuan)統(tong)勞(lao)動關(guan)系(xi)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。知識付費平臺(tai)眾多(duo)的(de)(de)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)人士，也(ye)不是(shi)(shi)平臺(tai)的(de)(de)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。這些員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)到(dao)底是(shi)(shi)什(shen)么關(guan)系(xi)？
作為(wei)(wei)中小企(qi)業，我們能不能也采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)更(geng)為(wei)(wei)靈活(huo)、便宜(yi)、機動(dong)的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工形式？來(lai)盤盤當下(xia)常(chang)見的(de)(de)新(xin)型(xing)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工，這些用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工形式哪些是中小企(qi)業可以采納的(de)(de)。從目前的(de)(de)形態來(lai)看(kan)，企(qi)業的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工形式包(bao)(bao)括傳統的(de)(de)全日制用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工、勞務(wu)派遣、退休返聘、實習生、崗(gang)位外包(bao)(bao)、業務(wu)外包(bao)(bao)、非全日制用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工、合伙自組織用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工、平臺用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工等多種形式。靈活(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工有幾個好處。
一(yi)、是便宜，不用(yong)購買社保(bao)。
二、是(shi)高績效，靈活用工多是(shi)以工作定時定額或(huo)工作結果為導向的。
三、是靈活機(ji)動(dong)，能有效(xiao)解決業務(wu)搖(yao)擺波動(dong)帶來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)人才短(duan)缺(que)和冗余問題；第四(si)是幫(bang)助(zhu)企業從(cong)勞動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)日常繁雜的(de)(de)工作中解放出來(lai)(lai)，規(gui)避了(le)不必要的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)程序和法(fa)律風險。
傳統(tong)全日(ri)制(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)目前還(huan)是(shi)(shi)主流的用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)形式，就是(shi)(shi)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)每天工(gong)(gong)(gong)作八小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，每周四十個小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)。單位(wei)給(gei)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)上五險一(yi)金(jin)，薪資按月支付，員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)接受公司的管(guan)理，雙方是(shi)(shi)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)，受勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)法(fa)(fa)和勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)法(fa)(fa)的約束。非(fei)標準(zhun)的勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)像(xiang)勞(lao)務(wu)派遣(qian)和非(fei)全日(ri)制(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，這兩種(zhong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)在勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)法(fa)(fa)也是(shi)(shi)明確的屬于勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)的，但是(shi)(shi)又和上面(mian)的全日(ri)制(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)有很大區別。非(fei)全日(ri)制(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)以小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)計酬為主，一(yi)般平均每天工(gong)(gong)(gong)作時(shi)(shi)(shi)間不超(chao)過四小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，每周工(gong)(gong)(gong)作時(shi)(shi)(shi)間累積不超(chao)過二十四小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)以不買社保，可(ke)以隨(sui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)終止。勞(lao)務(wu)派遣(qian)就不用(yong)(yong)(yong)說了(le)，是(shi)(shi)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)者和第(di)三方簽訂合(he)同(tong)(tong)，將員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)派遣(qian)到用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。
第三(san)大類用(yong)(yong)工(gong)形(xing)式實(shi)際是(shi)民事關(guan)系不(bu)是(shi)勞動(dong)關(guan)系，受民法典和(he)合(he)同法的(de)約定，這里就包(bao)括勞務(wu)關(guan)系、外包(bao)、實(shi)習、退休(xiu)返聘、平臺用(yong)(yong)工(gong)、合(he)伙(huo)自組織等。除(chu)全(quan)日制(zhi)外的(de)都稱之為靈活(huo)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)，靈活(huo)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)更(geng)多(duo)的(de)其實(shi)是(shi)將(jiang)雇(gu)傭關(guan)系變成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)合(he)伙(huo)關(guan)系、合(he)作關(guan)系，將(jiang)勞動(dong)所(suo)得變成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)經營所(suo)得。難點在于要(yao)會將(jiang)自己的(de)工(gong)作類型進行梳理(li)和(he)分解，同時又能(neng)規避用(yong)(yong)工(gong)風險，哪些工(gong)作可以不(bu)需(xu)要(yao)一個全(quan)職(zhi)的(de)員工(gong)就可以完成(cheng)(cheng)，同時還要(yao)去匹(pi)配相(xiang)應的(de)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)管理(li)方(fang)式。
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