工傷停工留薪期能(neng)否作為不(bu)簽勞(lao)動合同的(de)抗辯(bian)理由
(本文由勞動法鐘永棣老師原創)
【基本案情】
2012年(nian)(nian)5月(yue)8日(ri)(ri)張(zhang)(zhang)某入職(zhi)廣州A公司(si)(si),月(yue)薪(xin)3400元。2012年(nian)(nian)6月(yue)11日(ri)(ri)張(zhang)(zhang)某因工(gong)受傷,隨(sui)后被送往醫院住院治療,醫院診斷(duan)結(jie)論為:“L1、L3左側橫(heng)突骨折(zhe)”。住院17天后,張(zhang)(zhang)某回家休息(xi)。2012年(nian)(nian)8月(yue)23日(ri)(ri)A公司(si)(si)單(dan)方解(jie)除(chu)勞動合(he)同(tong)。隨(sui)后,張(zhang)(zhang)某要求A公司(si)(si)支付未簽訂勞動合(he)同(tong)的雙倍(bei)工(gong)資差(cha)額、工(gong)傷待遇及違法解(jie)除(chu)的賠償金。另(ling),張(zhang)(zhang)某在職(zhi)期間,A公司(si)(si)未與張(zhang)(zhang)某簽訂勞動合(he)同(tong)。
【法院觀點】
關(guan)于張某(mou)主張的(de)未(wei)簽(qian)訂(ding)(ding)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong)雙倍(bei)工資(zi)差額的(de)問題。《勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong)法》第(di)(di)八十二(er)條第(di)(di)一(yi)款:“用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單位(wei)自用(yong)工之(zhi)日起超過一(yi)個(ge)月(yue)不滿一(yi)年(nian)未(wei)與(yu)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)訂(ding)(ding)立書面勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong)的(de),應當(dang)向勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)每(mei)月(yue)支付二(er)倍(bei)的(de)工資(zi)。”由此(ci)可知,用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單位(wei)未(wei)與(yu)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)訂(ding)(ding)立書面勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong)的(de),自用(yong)工之(zhi)日起第(di)(di)二(er)個(ge)月(yue)開始,應當(dang)支付二(er)倍(bei)工資(zi)。A公司(si)確認(ren)未(wei)與(yu)被上訴人(ren)(ren)簽(qian)訂(ding)(ding)書面勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong),故張某(mou)請求A公司(si)支付2012年(nian)6月(yue)8日至2013年(nian)8月(yue)23日共2.5個(ge)月(yue)的(de)雙倍(bei)工資(zi)差額8500元,依據充分(fen),本院予以支持。
A公(gong)(gong)(gong)司辯稱尚未來得及簽訂勞動合同張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)某即受傷(shang)(shang),但(dan)事(shi)實是張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)某2012年(nian)5月(yue)(yue)8日(ri)即入職,A公(gong)(gong)(gong)司最遲應(ying)在(zai)2012年(nian)6月(yue)(yue)8日(ri)前(qian)與張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)某訂立書面勞動合同,而(er)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)某工傷(shang)(shang)發(fa)生(sheng)在(zai)2012年(nian)6月(yue)(yue)11日(ri),顯(xian)然應(ying)訂立合同的最后(hou)日(ri)期在(zai)前(qian),發(fa)生(sheng)工傷(shang)(shang)事(shi)故(gu)在(zai)后(hou),A公(gong)(gong)(gong)司使(shi)用(yong)后(hou)發(fa)生(sheng)的事(shi)件作為先前(qian)應(ying)履先義務的免責事(shi)由(you)顯(xian)然不(bu)(bu)能成立,故(gu)對其(qi)抗辯意(yi)見,本院不(bu)(bu)予采納。
A公司(si)不服(fu)一審(shen)判(pan)決(jue),上訴至二審(shen);最(zui)終二審(shen)法(fa)院維持原判(pan)。
【分析建議】
勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)法鐘永(yong)棣老師(shi)認為,入職(zhi)1個月(yue)內(nei)簽(qian)(qian)訂(ding)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),是用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單位(wei)的(de)法定義務;但期間基于與用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單位(wei)無關的(de)原(yuan)因,雙方無法簽(qian)(qian)訂(ding)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de),用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單位(wei)可免責。如(ru),勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)入職(zhi)20天左(zuo)右患病并需(xu)(xu)連(lian)續休(xiu)假3個月(yue),期間即使沒有簽(qian)(qian)訂(ding)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單位(wei)亦(yi)無需(xu)(xu)承擔雙倍工資責任(ren);當然(ran),勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)休(xiu)假完畢回單位(wei)上班后,用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單位(wei)應(ying)及時(shi)與其簽(qian)(qian)訂(ding)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),否(fou)則需(xu)(xu)承擔雙倍工資責任(ren)。本(ben)案(an)中,勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)入職(zhi)1個月(yue)后才(cai)受(shou)傷,用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單位(wei)以(yi)此抗辯顯(xian)然(ran)不(bu)合理(li)、不(bu)合法;如(ru)果勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)入職(zhi)1個月(yue)內(nei)受(shou)傷及休(xiu)假的(de),用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單位(wei)以(yi)此抗辯應(ying)該會得到法院的(de)認可。總而(er)言之(zhi),用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單位(wei)招用(yong)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)者(zhe),應(ying)無條件在(zai)1個月(yue)內(nei)簽(qian)(qian)訂(ding)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong);而(er)且(qie)越早簽(qian)(qian)訂(ding),風險(xian)就越低!
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