溝(gou)(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)有(you)，溝(gou)(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)處(chu)(chu)處(chu)(chu)在。不管在工作、生活、家庭還是戀愛、婚姻中等各個領域都需要(yao)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)，只要(yao)有(you)信(xin)息傳遞，就需要(yao)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)，所(suo)以溝(gou)(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)的意(yi)義是顯而易(yi)見的。雖(sui)然溝(gou)(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)是天天要(yao)、時(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)要(yao)，但能(neng)發揮溝(gou)(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)的藝術，做到有(you)效溝(gou)(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)的并不多，所(suo)以我們(men)有(you)必要(yao)需要(yao)學(xue)習和練習。
如何(he)理解有(you)效溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)？用和衡(heng)管理的四(si)大(da)要素(su)之一的事中(zhong)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)最好的詮(quan)釋。事中(zhong)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)無(wu)過無(wu)不(bu)(bu)及、不(bu)(bu)偏(pian)不(bu)(bu)倚、恰如其分(fen)，有(you)效溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)在溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)做(zuo)到無(wu)過不(bu)(bu)及的溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)才是(shi)(shi)有(you)效的，過了是(shi)(shi)溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)浪費，不(bu)(bu)及就(jiu)沒有(you)達到溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)的結果，所以中(zhong)度溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)最有(you)效的溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)。
如何做到中度(du)溝通(tong)呢？可以(yi)從以(yi)下五個方面來實(shi)施：
1、明(ming)確(que)溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)的(de)目的(de)：我們很(hen)多人(ren)在(zai)溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)的(de)時(shi)(shi)候(hou)，不(bu)知道為(wei)什(shen)么(me)要溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)，溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)想達(da)到什(shen)么(me)結果都不(bu)明(ming)白，好(hao)象(xiang)是(shi)為(wei)溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)而溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)，這是(shi)典(dian)型的(de)無效溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)。比如市場人(ren)員開拓客戶，必須明(ming)確(que)首次(ci)接觸(chu)客戶該怎么(me)溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)，達(da)到什(shen)么(me)目的(de)，拜訪客戶時(shi)(shi)該達(da)到什(shen)么(me)目的(de)，如何溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)都必須明(ming)確(que)，沒有明(ming)確(que)的(de)目的(de)，溝(gou)通(tong)(tong)就失去(qu)了(le)方向(xiang)。
2、區分溝通(tong)(tong)的(de)對(dui)象：我們溝通(tong)(tong)的(de)對(dui)象是(shi)人，而人又是(shi)千差萬別的(de)，不(bu)同性格的(de)人適合(he)不(bu)同的(de)溝通(tong)(tong)方法(fa)，比如(ru)有內向型(xing)的(de)或者(zhe)外向型(xing)的(de)，有的(de)是(shi)聽(ting)覺型(xing)的(de)，有的(de)是(shi)視(shi)覺型(xing)的(de)，有的(de)是(shi)觸覺型(xing)的(de)，這(zhe)些(xie)都需要在(zai)溝通(tong)(tong)中加以(yi)區分，對(dui)性格研究和測試的(de)典型(xing)的(de)理(li)論有*和九型(xing)人格。
3、明(ming)晰(xi)溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)的方向：溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)方向從內外(wai)部(bu)分可以分為內部(bu)溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)和外(wai)部(bu)溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)，內部(bu)溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)又分為對(dui)上、平(ping)(ping)級、對(dui)下溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)，外(wai)部(bu)溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)分為對(dui)客戶(hu)、供應商、政府、媒體(ti)溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)，每(mei)一(yi)種溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)都不一(yi)樣，需要明(ming)晰(xi)，如對(dui)上溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)匯報工(gong)作和提供建議、平(ping)(ping)級溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)協調配合尋求幫(bang)助(zhu)、對(dui)下溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)明(ming)確旨意和貫(guan)徹(che)執行等等。
4、采(cai)用適當的(de)溝通(tong)(tong)的(de)方(fang)式：溝通(tong)(tong)方(fang)式常用的(de)有口(kou)頭(tou)、書面、郵件(jian)(jian)、電話(hua)，要根據所要溝通(tong)(tong)的(de)事情(qing)而采(cai)用不同的(de)方(fang)式。如(ru)重要事件(jian)(jian)，一(yi)下說不清楚(chu)的(de)，最好用書面，傳遞參加(jia)一(yi)個會議的(de)時間和地點可(ke)以(yi)用口(kou)頭(tou)也可(ke)以(yi)用電話(hua)等。
5、掌握溝(gou)通的(de)(de)(de)(de)技巧(qiao)(qiao)：溝(gou)通的(de)(de)(de)(de)技巧(qiao)(qiao)很多(duo)，但常用的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)多(duo)聽(ting)、少(shao)說、會(hui)(hui)問。多(duo)聽(ting)是(shi)為了知彼；少(shao)說是(shi)為了讓對方(fang)說的(de)(de)(de)(de)更多(duo)，配(pei)合對方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)說，達(da)到(dao)了解對方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)；會(hui)(hui)問是(shi)更多(duo)挖(wa)掘客(ke)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)深度需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)，把客(ke)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)隱(yin)性(xing)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)通過引導(dao)變成客(ke)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)顯性(xing)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)；多(duo)聽(ting)、少(shao)說、會(hui)(hui)問的(de)(de)(de)(de)技巧(qiao)(qiao)都(dou)是(shi)為了達(da)到(dao)溝(gou)通的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)，達(da)到(dao)有(you)效(xiao)溝(gou)通。
總之，有效溝通(tong)的(de)目的(de)是為了減少溝通(tong)摩(mo)擦、節省溝通(tong)時間、促使人人之間的(de)融洽，達到組織(zhi)的(de)高效，是以中(zhong)度(du)溝通(tong)促進組織(zhi)和諧。
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