周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購量(liang)。訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購量(liang)常常會超過以下(xia)幾個期(qi)(qi)間所預(yu)測的(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)量(liang)，這(zhe)可能(neng)導致所持有(you)的(de)(de)(de)庫(ku)存(cun)跨越沒有(you)需求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)期(qi)(qi)間，借以避(bi)免另外(wai)再(zai)下(xia)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)單的(de)(de)(de)成本，但也(ye)(ye)會存(cun)在訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購量(liang)可能(neng)并不恰當，即使(shi)上一次(ci)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)貨仍(reng)有(you)一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)余(yu)量(liang)時也(ye)(ye)如此，保持庫(ku)存(cun)以避(bi)免訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購，固然是(shi)一個好主意(yi)，但不保持足(zu)夠的(de)(de)(de)庫(ku)存(cun)，造成再(zai)次(ci)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購，卻與經濟(ji)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購批量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)相抵(di)觸，因(yin)此需要(yao)對經濟(ji)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購批量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)做出(chu)更改，而這(zhe)正是(shi)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購量(liang)方(fang)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)處所在。
周(zhou)期訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購(gou)(gou)(gou)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)批量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)規則建立在與經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購(gou)(gou)(gou)批量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)理(li)論基礎上，用(yong)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購(gou)(gou)(gou)批量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)公式計算(suan)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)間(jian)隔(ge)(ge)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)，訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)間(jian)隔(ge)(ge)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)等(deng)于(yu)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購(gou)(gou)(gou)批量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)除(chu)以(yi)需求(qiu)數列，這就可以(yi)計算(suan)下(xia)(xia)達訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)間(jian)隔(ge)(ge)。下(xia)(xia)達訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)不(bu)是訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購(gou)(gou)(gou)相(xiang)同(tong)數量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)批量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購(gou)(gou)(gou)批量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，而是滿足計算(suan)的(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)間(jian)隔(ge)(ge)內的(de)需求(qiu)。一年中的(de)下(xia)(xia)達的(de)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)次(ci)數比經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購(gou)(gou)(gou)批量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)相(xiang)同(tong)，但每(mei)次(ci)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購(gou)(gou)(gou)數量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)不(bu)同(tong)，因此訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購(gou)(gou)(gou)成本相(xiang)同(tong)，但由(you)于(yu)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購(gou)(gou)(gou)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)由(you)實際需求(qiu)決定，所以(yi)持有成本降低周(zhou)期訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購(gou)(gou)(gou)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購(gou)(gou)(gou)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)等(deng)于(yu)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)訂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)購(gou)(gou)(gou)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)除(chu)以(yi)平均每(mei)周(zhou)使(shi)用(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。
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